[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.tlustakocka.cz\/otto-von-guericke-objevitel-vakua\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.tlustakocka.cz\/otto-von-guericke-objevitel-vakua\/","headline":"Otto von Guericke, objevitel vakua","name":"Otto von Guericke, objevitel vakua","description":"Otto von Guericke, kter\u00fd \u017eil v sedmn\u00e1ct\u00e9m stolet\u00ed, studoval univerzitu v Lipsku, a\u017e do doby, ne\u017e vypukla t\u0159icetilet\u00e1 v\u00e1lka. Mlad\u00fd mu\u017e se pokou\u0161el b\u011bhem t\u0159icetilet\u00e9…","datePublished":"2020-09-05","dateModified":"2023-06-01","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.tlustakocka.cz\/author\/#Person","name":"","url":"https:\/\/www.tlustakocka.cz\/author\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/15c4177f6d86975c976af12ba80b10af7add2f97f8786f8cf1596253472c0ea7?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/15c4177f6d86975c976af12ba80b10af7add2f97f8786f8cf1596253472c0ea7?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"tlustakocka.cz","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.tlustakocka.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a304491_w2375_t1515571241.jpg","url":"https:\/\/www.tlustakocka.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a304491_w2375_t1515571241.jpg","height":0,"width":0},"url":"https:\/\/www.tlustakocka.cz\/otto-von-guericke-objevitel-vakua\/","about":["Kultura"],"wordCount":396,"articleBody":"Otto von Guericke, kter\u00fd \u017eil v sedmn\u00e1ct\u00e9m stolet\u00ed, studoval univerzitu v Lipsku, a\u017e do doby, ne\u017e vypukla t\u0159icetilet\u00e1 v\u00e1lka. Mlad\u00fd mu\u017e se pokou\u0161el b\u011bhem t\u0159icetilet\u00e9 v\u00e1lky v klidu dokon\u010dit sv\u00e9 studium. Kdy\u017e posl\u00e9ze dostudoval, cestoval po Evrop\u011b a sna\u017eil se z\u00edsk\u00e1vat ty nejnov\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v\u011bdeck\u00e9 poznatky, aby se ne p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 \u0161\u0165astn\u011b navr\u00e1til dom\u016f. Jeho rodn\u00e9 m\u011bsto Magdeburg bylo toti\u017e pozd\u011bji po dvoum\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00edm obl\u00e9h\u00e1n\u00ed \u0160v\u00e9dy dobyto a vyplen\u011bno. Otto von Guericke toto plen\u011bn\u00ed na\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed p\u0159e\u017eil.
 
 
 Pov\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e1 l\u00e9ta
 Bylo to v polovin\u011b sedmn\u00e1ct\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed, kdy\u017e se Otto von Guericke do Magdeburgu se svou rodinou vr\u00e1til. Pozd\u011bji se ji\u017e stal dokonce m\u00edstn\u00edm starostou. Krom\u011b toho, \u017ee se Otto von Guericke tou dodou v\u011bnoval diplomacii a politice v\u0161eobecn\u011b, st\u00e1le se zab\u00fdval i v\u0161emo\u017en\u00fdmi v\u011bdeck\u00fdmi poznatky. V roce 1644 toti\u017e Evropa \u017easla nad nejnov\u011bj\u0161\u00edm objevem, \u017ee i vzduch m\u00e1 sv\u016fj tlak, a Otto von Guericke se rozhodl p\u0159ij\u00edt na to, co dal\u0161\u00edho se za t\u00edmto zaj\u00edmav\u00fdm objevem skr\u00fdv\u00e1, tedy p\u0159esn\u011bji \u0159e\u010deno, co ukr\u00fdv\u00e1 pr\u00e1zdno ve sklen\u011bn\u00e9 trubi\u010dce.
 
 
 Prvn\u00ed pokusy se vzduchopr\u00e1zdnem
 Psal se rok 1654, kdy\u017e se Otto von Guericke pustil do sv\u00e9ho vlastn\u00edho v\u00fdzkumu. Nejprve p\u0159emontoval za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed na pln\u011bn\u00ed vzduchem, za pomoci kter\u00e9ho byl pak schopen od\u010derp\u00e1vat vzduch z n\u00e1doby. Jakmile tedy Guericke zapo\u010dal se sv\u00fdmi v\u00fdzkumy, sv\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky pokus\u016f a experiment\u016f p\u0159edv\u00e1d\u011bl na ve\u0159ejnosti, a to dokonce i na mnoha kr\u00e1lovsk\u00fdch dvorech. Guerickeho prvn\u00ed pokusy se vzduchopr\u00e1zdnem zapo\u010daly od\u010derp\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00edm vzduchu z pivn\u00edch sud\u016f, av\u0161ak sudy se tlakem vzduchu porozb\u00edjely. Z tohoto d\u016fvodu si nechal vyrobit dutou kovovou kouli, ale i tato n\u00e1doba se p\u0159i pokusech s vakuem prom\u00e1\u010dkla. Teprve a\u017e dal\u0161\u00ed koule, kter\u00e1 m\u011bla mnohem siln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed st\u011bny se pokus Guerickemu poda\u0159il a vytvo\u0159il v kouli vzduchopr\u00e1zdno. B\u011bhem dal\u0161\u00edch pokus\u016f Guerickeho p\u0159ekvapilo, jak siln\u00fd dok\u00e1\u017ee n\u00e1sledn\u00fd tlak vzduchu b\u00fdt.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        4.1\/5 - (7 votes)        "},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Otto von Guericke, objevitel vakua","item":"https:\/\/www.tlustakocka.cz\/otto-von-guericke-objevitel-vakua\/#breadcrumbitem"}]}]